Final answer:
A haloalkane undergoing substitution with ammonia produces an amine. The produced amine can be classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary, based on the haloalkane's structure and the number of carbon-containing groups bonded to the nitrogen atom.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a haloalkane undergoes substitution with ammonia (NH3), the class of compound produced is known as an amine. Haloalkanes, also termed alkyl halides, contain one or more halogen atoms substituted in place of hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon. Ammonia has an sp³-hybridized nitrogen with one lone pair, and when its hydrogens are replaced by an aliphatic hydrocarbon through a substitution reaction, the resulting organic compound is classified as an amine.
This substitution process can occur through different mechanisms, such as SN1 or SN2, depending on the structure of the haloalkane. If the substitution occurs on a primary haloalkane, a primary amine is formed. Similarly, secondary and tertiary haloalkanes will yield secondary and tertiary amines, respectively. The classification (primary, secondary, or tertiary) depends on the number of carbon-containing groups attached to the nitrogen atom after substitution.