Final answer:
Mitochondria in eukaryotic cells provide benefits such as energy production through aerobic respiration, increased energy efficiency, and the evolution of complex cellular structures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The endosymbiotic theory suggests that the transition of mitochondria into the eukaryotic cell provided several benefits. One major benefit is the production of energy through aerobic respiration. Mitochondria have their own DNA and can carry out the process of cellular respiration, which generates ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - the main energy currency of cells.
Another benefit is the increased efficiency in energy production. Mitochondria are more specialized and efficient in generating energy compared to the host cell. This allows eukaryotic cells to have a higher energy output and perform more complex functions.
Lastly, the incorporation of mitochondria also contributed to the evolution of eukaryotic cells. The endosymbiotic relationship led to the development of more complex cellular structures, such as the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum, which are essential for the functioning of eukaryotic cells.