Question

A nurse is teaching a male client who has hypertension about dietary guidelines to help manage his disorder. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A: Reduce sodium intake to 1,500 mg/day or less.
B: Maintain a BMI of 30.
C: Add high-protein sources, such as beef and pork, to the diet.
D: Limit alcohol consumption to no more than three drinks per day.

Answer 1

A nurse should teach a male client with hypertension to reduce sodium intake to 1,500 mg/day, maintain a healthy weight (BMI under 25), limit consumption of high-saturated fat proteins like beef and pork, and limit alcohol to no more than two drinks per day for men.

Step-by-step explanation:

A nurse providing instructions to a client with hypertension should emphasize the importance of dietary modifications to manage the disorder effectively. Several guidelines should be included in the teaching:

• Reducing sodium intake is crucial since excessive sodium consumption can contribute to hypertension. It is recommended to reduce sodium intake to 1,500 mg per day or less, contrasting the high amounts often consumed through processed and prepared foods.
• Maintaining a healthy weight is important, but as for BMI, 30 is considered in the obese range. Instead, the goal should be to achieve and maintain a BMI below 25.
• While protein is an essential part of a balanced diet, it is advised to limit the consumption of high-protein sources that are also high in saturated fats, such as beef and pork. Opting for leaner protein sources and including more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can be beneficial.
• Alcohol consumption should be limited. For men, the recommendation is to limit alcoholic drinks to no more than two per day.

Aside from dietary changes, other lifestyle adjustments such as regular physical activity and avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol consumption can lower the risk of developing high blood pressure and its associated complications.