Question

A nurse is teaching a client who has an autoimmune disease about the adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy. Which of the following effects should the nurse include? (select all that apply)

A. Hypotension
B. Weight gain
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Osteoporosis

Answer 1

The adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy include weight gain, hyperglycemia, and osteoporosis, while hypotension is not commonly associated with this treatment. These side effects are due to corticosteroids' impact on metabolism, bone density, and immune system regulation.

Step-by-step explanation:

When educating a client who has an autoimmune disease about the adverse effects of long-term corticosteroid therapy, it is vital to mention several potential side effects. While hypotension is not commonly associated with corticosteroids, the client should be aware of other significant effects.

• Weight gain: Corticosteroid therapy can lead to an increase in body fat, particularly in the face, neck, and abdomen.
• Hyperglycemia: It can cause high blood sugar levels, which in turn can lead to or exacerbate diabetes.
• Osteoporosis: Corticosteroids can decrease bone density, making bones more susceptible to fractures.

These effects are a direct result of corticosteroids' impact on the body's metabolism and their catabolic effects on bones. Additionally, corticosteroids downregulate the immune system, which can inhibit the inflammatory response but also reduce resistance to infection and compromise immunity over time.