Final answer:
For a client with chronic kidney disease (CKD), it is recommended to restrict potassium-rich foods to avoid hyperkalemia. The CKD diet should also include limited protein and managed fluid intake while ensuring adequate calcium and restricted sodium intake to maintain balance and protect kidney function.
The correct answer is D.
Step-by-step explanation:
When teaching a client with chronic kidney disease about dietary restrictions, it is crucial to understand the importance of limiting certain nutrients to manage the condition effectively. Among the options provided, the correct advice would be to restrict potassium-rich foods to avoid hyperkalemia. High levels of potassium can be harmful in CKD because damaged kidneys may not be able to filter out excess potassium from the blood, leading to a condition called hyperkalemia, which can affect heart function.
Other considerations for a CKD diet include:
- Limiting protein intake to reduce the kidneys' workload, as they are responsible for filtering waste products from protein metabolism.
- Managing fluid intake to prevent fluid overload, as the kidneys may not be able to remove excess fluid efficiently.
- Consuming an adequate amount of calcium to support bone health, while being mindful of balance and avoiding excessive intake.
- Restricting sodium intake to help control blood pressure and fluid retention.
It is also essential for patients with CKD to stay hydrated and avoid overconsumption of nutrients that can strain the kidneys, such as high-protein diets which could potentially lead to kidney stones and gout. Achieving balance in the diet is key to managing CKD, making sure not to consume one nutrient at the expense of another.