Final answer:
Aristotle's concept of the final end, not a means to something else, is 'eudaimonia,' which signifies human flourishing or happiness. It is regarded as life's highest good and ultimate end, achieved through the cultivation of virtues and the rational capacity of humans.
Step-by-step explanation:
The end or highest good Aristotle refers to, which is final and not a means to something else, is known as eudaimonia. Eudaimonia can be translated as 'flourishing' or 'happiness', and as per Aristotle, it is achieved through the cultivation of virtues. It serves as the ultimate end that all human beings aspire to in their actions and is not pursued for the sake of another end. In Aristotle's view, the pursuit of eudaimonia involves the exercise of rational capacities and the development of excellent character through moral virtues. This ultimate end of human action resonates with the teleological perspective of Aristotle, who believes everything has a purpose (telos) and functional nature (ergon).