Final answer:
Asexual reproduction in prokaryotes typically occurs through binary fission, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells. Asexual reproduction in eukaryotes usually happens via mitosis. The terms binary fission and mitosis refer to two distinct processes in different groups of organisms for asexual reproduction.
Step-by-step explanation:
Asexual reproduction is a process by which organisms create genetically identical offspring from a single parent without the involvement of gamete fusion. In prokaryotes, this usually occurs through binary fission, where the prokaryotic cell grows and its single, circular chromosome is replicated. Subsequently, the cell splits into two identical daughter cells. Eukaryotes, on the other hand, often reproduce asexually through mitosis, which is a more complex process due to the presence of multiple chromosomes that must be accurately replicated and segregated into the two daughter cells.
In some unicellular eukaryotic organisms, binary fission happens via mitosis. However, eukaryotes also have the option of sexual reproduction using a different process called meiosis, which leads to genetic variation in the offspring. While binary fission and mitosis result in identical daughter cells with genetic material identical to the parent cell, meiosis leads to the formation of genetically diverse gametes.