Final answer:
Aristotle's philosophy teaches that human flourishing, or eudaimonia, is the ultimate good that can be achieved through virtuous activity rather than pursuits like wealth, pleasure, or power.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aristotle posits that the highest good, or the goal of human action, is eudaimonia, which is often translated as 'flourishing' or 'well-being'. This state of being is achieved not through wealth accumulation, pleasure seeking, or power dominance, but through virtuous activity.
In his work, Aristotle emphasizes that virtue, or excellence, is the function of a human, similarly to how the function of a knife is to cut, and a sharp knife that cuts well is a virtuous knife.
Above all, Aristotle asserts that habits of character developed through consistent practice manifest as virtues which guide us toward flourishing. The good life for humans, therefore, is one where rationality is developed and reason guides our virtues towards achieving a life of flourishing.