Final answer:
In Aristotle's ethics, a firm and unchangeable character is crucial for the practice of fully developed virtue. Habitual actions, performed with understanding and reason, shape such a character, which aligns with a virtuous mean. Government and society's role in promoting virtues ties into Aristotle's view of a flourishing, or eudaimonic, life.
Step-by-step explanation:
Role of Firm and Unchangeable Character in Aristotle's Ethics
According to Aristotle's ethics, a firm and unchangeable character is essential for acting with fully developed virtue. Virtuous development is obtained through habituation and is a precursor to human flourishing or eudaimonia, which relates to living well or achieving happiness. Aristotle posits that through consistent, deliberate practice, individuals can cultivate virtue whereby their character aligns with the 'mean' between vices of deficiency and excess. These habitual actions are not just rote behaviors but are performed with understanding and reflect a developed character that chooses actions in accordance with reason.
Furthermore, Aristotle suggests that the government plays a role in promoting the cultivation of virtues such as wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice. Such education reforms advocate for character education to instill virtues consistent with a flourishing society. This process of developing character aligns with the broader notion that in living a virtuous life, we fulfill our unique human function, chiefly rationality, and hence live a life of eudaimonia.