Final answer:
According to Aristotle, telos (purpose or goal) is at the core of ethics, suggesting that the purpose of human life is to achieve eudaimonia (happiness or flourishing) through the cultivation of virtues. These virtues allow us to fulfill our natural capacities and contribute to society, leading to a well-lived life.
Step-by-step explanation:
Relationship Between Telos and Ethics According to Aristotle
Per Aristotle, the concept of "telos" is central to the study of ethics. Telos refers to the end, purpose, or goal inherent in all things. In Aristotle's ethical framework, he asserts that all things aim towards a good, and for humans, this ultimate good is "eudaimonia", often translated as happiness or flourishing.
To achieve eudaimonia, Aristotle prescribes a life of cultivating virtues. These virtues are characteristics or habits that enable individuals to perform their function well, just as a sharp knife fulfills its function of cutting efficiently. Since humans are rational and social beings, our virtues relate to our ability to reason and live in communities effectively, guiding us towards fulfilling our telos.
Aristotle differs from his teacher Plato by emphasizing the importance of this worldly existence rather than transcendental ideals. In this light, Aristotle's ethical investigations are closely tied to practical wisdom—how we act in the world—and are rooted in our natural capacities and societal roles.