Final answer:
Aristotle asserts that anything with potential requires actuality to realize its complete form, based on his concept of the four causes that define the nature and purpose of all things. The correct option is 1.
Step-by-step explanation:
Aristotle observes that everything has the potentiality to move towards a state of actuality, where the potential is fully realized. This concept is integral to Aristotle's thought, as he sees the world as moving from incomplete to complete states.
When it comes to the question, Aristotle believes that anything that is potential requires actuality to be fully realized. This refers to the actualization of a potential state, transforming it into an existing, functioning reality.
Within Aristotle's framework, potentiality is always connected to the notion of actuality. He introduces the four causes to explain how this process happens: the material, formal, efficient, and final causes, which together define the nature and purpose of all things.
The potential in a material substance can only be actualized through the influence of these causes, particularly the formal cause that confers shape and identity, and the final cause that represents the end purpose or ultimate goal of the substance. The correct option is 1.