Final answer:
The Doryphoros was created by the Greek sculptor Polykleitos, who is famed for developing the Canon of human proportions and using the contrapposto stance.
Step-by-step explanation:
The artist credited with creating the Doryphoros, also known as the Spear Bearer, is Polykleitos. Polykleitos was a renowned Greek sculptor and art theorist from the Classical period, well known for developing a set of ideal mathematical proportions for the human body, which he called the Canon. His work on the Doryphoros perfectly embodies these proportions and showcases the contrapposto stance, a technique that demonstrates a more dynamic and naturalistic depiction of the human figure. This sculpture also maintains the Severe style with an expressionless face that is typical of earlier Greek sculpture.
Furthermore, it is important to note that although original bronzes by Polykleitos are lost to history, we are able to study this piece through the Roman marble copies that have been discovered, such as the one found in Pompeii, now housed in the Archaeological Museum of Naples, Italy.