Final answer:
The base to a classical column consisting of an upper and lower torus separated by a scotia between two fillets is known as the Attic base. It is characteristic of the Ionic order and, to some extent, the Corinthian order in classical architecture.
Step-by-step explanation:
The classical column base you are referring to, which consists of an upper and a lower torus separated by a scotia between two fillets, is known as the Attic base. This type of base is typically found in the Ionic order, one of the three classical orders of ancient Greek and Roman architecture.
Unlike the Doric order, which has no base and the column rests directly on the stylobate, the Ionic order features columns with bases. The Ionic column's base, especially the Attic base, provides a strong visual foundation for the slender, fluted columns topped with capitals characterized by volutes. It's worth noting that the Corinthian order, which is the most ornate of the classical orders and often features acanthus leaves in its capital design, may also use an Attic base.