Final answer:
The Ionic Order originated in Ionia and is characterized by volutes on its capital and a running frieze of continuous sculptural relief. The Doric Order is the earliest and features a plain capital and fluted columns without bases. The Corinthian Order is the most elaborate and has an acanthus leaf capital and fluted columns with bases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Ionic Order
The Ionic Order originated in Ionia, a coastal region of central Anatolia (today Turkey) and developed in the 6th century BCE. It is characterized by volutes, or scroll-like ornaments, on its capital. The columns have bases and a running frieze of continuous sculptural relief. Notable examples of the Ionic Order include the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus and the Erechtheion on the Athenian Acropolis.
The Doric Order
The Doric Order is the earliest of the Classical orders and represents the transition from impermanent to permanent materials in Mediterranean architecture. It features a plain capital and fluted columns without bases that rest directly on the temple's stylobate. The entablature includes a frieze with triglyphs and metopes. The Doric Order is known for its sturdy proportions and can be seen in temples such as the Parthenon.
The Corinthian Order
The Corinthian Order is the most elaborate of the Classical orders and originated in ancient Greece. It is characterized by an acanthus leaf capital and fluted columns with bases. The order was developed in Corinth and later spread to other regions. Notable examples include the Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae and some elements of the Parthenon.