Final answer:
The lithosphere is composed of the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lithosphere is composed of two main parts: the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth and is composed of rocks and minerals. It can be further divided into two types: continental crust, which makes up the landmasses, and oceanic crust, which is found under the oceans.
The uppermost part of the mantle is a solid layer that is also included in the lithosphere. It lies beneath the crust and extends down to a depth of about 100 kilometers (62 miles).
It encompasses both the brittle upper portion of the mantle and the crust, which is Earth's outer shell consisting of two types, continental and oceanic. The crust and the upper mantle join together to form tectonic plates, which are critical in understanding seismic activity such as earthquakes.