Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is an ionic bond, which forms through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, leading to an attraction between positively and negatively charged ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
A chemical bond is a force of attraction between atoms or ions, which forms when these atoms share or transfer their valence electrons. In specific, the bond formed as a result of the transfer of electrons is called an ionic bond. It is characterized by the attraction between positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions). This transfer of electrons leads to the full outer energy levels for the ions involved, providing the most stable electron configuration
Other types of bonds include covalent bonds, where electrons are shared between atoms, and metallic bonds, which are found in metal elements and alloys and involve a 'sea' of delocalized electrons. Van der Waals bonds are weak intermolecular forces that occur due to temporary polarization of molecules, while nuclear bonds are not a type of chemical bond but rather refer to forces within an atomic nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is that a chemical bond formed as a result of the transfer of electrons between two or more atoms is called an ionic bond.