Question

What is a criticism associated with the hierarchical model known as the typicality effect?

A) Overemphasis on atypical cases
B) Lack of consideration for typical cases
C) Inability to account for hierarchical structures
D) Disregard for memory retrieval processes

Answer 1

The typicality effect criticism of the hierarchical model refers to an overemphasis on atypical cases, where more typical instances of a category overshadow the variability within the category, leading to potential biases. The correct option is A.

Step-by-step explanation:

The criticism associated with the hierarchical model known as the typicality effect is overemphasis on atypical cases. This refers to the cognitive bias where more typical instances of a category are responded to more quickly and are deemed more representative than less typical instances.

The hierarchical model can exaggerate this effect, potentially leading to oversights when considering the full variability within a category. For example, in a taxonomic classification, the most typical members of a category are often remembered and recognized faster than atypical members.

This bias can consequently undermine the considerations of the full range of cases within the classification system. Therefore, the major criticism is the potential to disregard less common but still relevant instances under the hierarchy. The correct option is A.