Final answer:
Weathering is a natural process where rocks are broken down by direct contact with the atmosphere, leading to the formation of soil and sedimentary rocks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Weathering is c. a process whereby rocks are broken down by direct contact with the atmosphere. This natural process involves the breakdown of rocks and minerals at the Earth's surface through both chemical and mechanical means. Over time, weathering can lead to the formation of soil and is a precursor to erosion, the process that transports the weathered materials. While igneous rocks may be more resistant to weathering compared to other rock types, they can still erode away given enough time. The weathered particles, such as gravel, sand, and clay, can be transported by agents like water, wind, or ice, contributing to the shaping of the earth's surface and the creation of sedimentary rocks.