Final answer:
Exponential growth is characterized by a population increasing at an accelerating rate without being affected by limiting factors, following a J-shaped curve. It's unsustainable and will turn into logistic growth as resources become limited.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of population growth that continues to grow unaffected by any limiting factors, where carrying capacity is never reached, is c) Exponential growth.
In conditions where resources are unlimited and no environmental factors curb the growth, populations exhibit exponential growth. This growth is represented by a J-shaped curve and indicates that the population size doubles at a regular interval, leading to an accelerating rate of growth. However, in natural ecosystems, this type of growth is unsustainable. In reality, as resources become limited, a population will transition into logistic growth, where growth decelerates and eventually levels off at the carrying capacity, forming an S-shaped curve.