Final answer:
Although a high school saw an improvement in test scores after lengthening the school day, it cannot be confirmed that the extended hours were the sole reason for this increase due to potential other factors. Cultural transmission is demonstrated by the sharing of practices among students. The use of evidence when answering questions is context-dependent and should involve proper citations.
The correct option is not given.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question about whether a longer school day improves student achievement, as illustrated by a high school increasing its school day from 6.5 to 7.5 hours and resulting in a 10 percentage point increase in student performance on statewide tests, cannot be conclusively answered with the provided evidence.
This is because there can be multiple factors contributing to this improvement, such as the introduction of contracts which may lead to a selection bias where only motivated students opt-in, or other concurrent changes in the school or its curriculum.
Learning that most students buy lunch on Fridays, described as cultural transmission, is an example of how behavioral norms and practices are shared among a group, in this case, students at a school.
When answering questions, relying on facts, examples, inferences, expert opinion, or personal experiences depends on the context of the question and the availability of credible references. In academic contexts, citations for material not originally written by the respondent should adhere to the appropriate citation style to give proper credit to the original authors.
The correct option is not given.