Final answer:
The approach that does not involve calculation or measurement is the Qualitative Approach, which is interpretive and understands qualities and meanings beyond numerical data.
Step-by-step explanation:
The form of thinking that does not calculate nor measure is the Qualitative Approach. Unlike the quantitative approach, which is focused on numerical and measurable data, the qualitative approach is more about understanding qualities, meanings, and experiences. It tends to be interpretive and can provide insights that numeric data alone cannot.
An example of qualitative research might be a study on how cultural factors influence educational outcomes, where the researcher would gather data through interviews, focus groups, or observation rather than using numerical data analysis.