Final answer:
The hydrocarbons derived from a group with double bonds are alkenes, while those with triple bonds are alkynes. Alkanes and arenes do not contain these types of unsaturation, as alkanes are saturated and arenes have a distinctive aromatic ring structure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are compounds that contain double or triple bonds between carbon atoms, making them distinct from their saturated counterparts which only have single bonds. When determining the family of unsaturated hydrocarbons that a compound belongs to, we look at the type of bond present. Compounds with double bonds are known as alkenes, characterized by the general formula CnH2n. On the other hand, compounds with triple bonds are called alkynes, with the general formula CnH2n-2. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with no double or triple bonds, following the general formula CnH2n+2. Lastly, arenes, also known as aromatic hydrocarbons, include compounds like benzene which consist of a ring structure with alternating single and double bonds.
This means that the student's question can be answered by inspecting the chemical structures provided. If the structures have at least one double bond, they are alkenes; if they contain at least one triple bond, they are alkynes. Alkanes would not be the correct answer since they lack unsaturation, and arenes wouldn't fit unless the compounds had a distinct aromatic ring structure like benzene.