Final answer:
The body's ability to resist diseases is termed immunity, which can be enhanced through vaccination. Vaccines are substances that mimic infection to promote immune response without causing illness. The correct answer is option a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The body’s ability to resist something such as a disease is called immunity. This can be thanks to memory lymphocytes, like B and T cells, which remember how to fight off pathogens the body has previously encountered. There are two types of immunity: active immunity and passive immunity. Active immunity results from an immune response to a pathogen and the formation of memory cells, either through natural infection or through vaccination, which is the deliberate exposure to a pathogen to induce this immune response without causing the severity of the actual disease. A vaccine is usually a modified pathogen, or part of one, that is introduced into the body, often through a shot with a needle, without causing illness, to prepare the immune system for future encounters with the full-strength pathogen.
Exercise that increases a person’s breathing and heart rate is known as aerobic exercise, which includes activities like jogging, swimming, and cycling. Contrastingly, other forms of exercise such as weight lifting or sprinting are classified as anaerobic because they focus on short bursts of intense activity and do not rely primarily on oxygen intake. Aerobic exercise is important for improving cardiovascular health and endurance.
The correct option that fills in the blanks in the original sentence is: a) Immunity; Vaccine; Aerobic exercise.