Final answer:
The Union's strategy to quickly end the Civil War was known as the Anaconda Plan, which involved blockading Southern ports and controlling the Mississippi River to squeeze the Confederacy economically and logistically, leading to eventual surrender.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Union's war strategy to end the Civil War quickly was the Anaconda Plan. This strategy included a naval blockade of the Southern ports and the control of the Mississippi River to strangle the Confederacy's supply lines and economic lifelines, much like an anaconda snake squeezing its prey. The plan aimed to isolate the South and prevent the export of cotton and the import of military supplies.
Through the successful Vicksburg Campaign, the Union gained control over the Mississippi River. General Lee's defeat at Gettysburg ended the Confederate invasion of the North. The tide turned against the Confederacy, especially with major Union victories including the capture of Mobile Bay and General Sherman's devastating March to the Sea through Georgia. Sherman's objective was to destroy military and civilian resources wherever possible, leading to widespread devastation and a significant blow to Confederate morale and capability.
Despite these individual campaigns being pivotal, the overarching strategy that set the stage for the Union's eventual victory was the Anaconda Plan. Therefore, among the options provided, A. Anaconda Plan was the Union's war strategy to end the Civil War quickly.