Final answer:
The Supreme Court’s decision in Marbury v. Madison established the power of judicial review, allowing the Court to invalidate actions by other branches of government deemed unconstitutional.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court’s decision in Marbury v. Madison established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review. This landmark decision in 1803, declared by Chief Justice John Marshall, affirmed that the courts have the authority to examine and invalidate actions by the executive and legislative branches if such actions are deemed unconstitutional. While William Marbury was not granted his commission as a justice of the peace, the case's outcome had a more profound effect, fortifying the role of the judiciary by legitimizing the prerogative of judicial review. Hence, the case did not enable William Marbury to become a Justice of the Peace nor did it uphold the doctrine of implied powers. Instead, judicial review became a central component of the judiciary's power to act as a check on the other branches of the federal government.