Final answer:
The Freudian explanation of crime, linked to the repression of basic drives, is known as Psychoanalytic Criminology. Conflict theory views crime as a result of social and economic inequalities, whereas deviance is the violation of societal norms and reinforces these norms by its consequences.
Step-by-step explanation:
The explanation of crimes based on Freudian theory, which suggests behavior is the result of the deviation from the repression of basic drives, is referred to as B) Psychoanalytic Criminology. This approach is grounded in Freudian concepts that delve into the unconscious mind and the repressed emotions and desires it contains. Violations of societal norms and the resulting deviant behavior are seen to arise from an individual's struggle to reconcile innate desires with the demands of living in a society governed by laws and social rules.
Conflict theory takes a different approach by examining social and economic factors as the causes of criminal and deviant behavior, highlighting the impact of societal inequality on such behaviors. Deviance occurs when societal norms are violated, and it plays a role in society by reinforcing these norms through the consequences of such violations.