Final answer:
To show he was willing to share power after Bloody Sunday, Tsar Nicholas II created the Duma, an elected parliament, but its powers were limited, as many members were appointed by the Tsar himself. The correct answer is option: b) created an elected parliament.
Step-by-step explanation:
After the tragic events of Bloody Sunday, Tsar Nicholas II realized the need for some change. To show that he was willing to share some of his power, the Tsar agreed to the creation of a legislature, the Duma, which was established as an elected parliament.
Despite this concession, the Duma was limited in its power, with a significant portion of its members appointed by Nicholas himself, and it lacked the authority to truly balance the Tsar's power.
Reforms that followed included a reduction in censorship and military service terms, introduction of trial by jury, and efforts towards industrial development, yet the essential autocratic nature of Nicholas II’s rule remained largely intact.