Final answer:
Guidance and counselling in schools involve specialized interventions for high-risk students, integration of health and counseling services, teacher workshops, and visual data representation for effective communication. Addressing structural issues such as staff-to-student ratios and mental health concerns, as well as upholding the hidden curriculum, are also key aspects of these services.
Step-by-step explanation:
Methods and Ways of Guidance and Counselling in Schools
Guidance and counselling are essential components of educational institutions. The methods and strategies employed within school counselling services are inclusive of direct response to students' academic, emotional, and social needs. To begin with, one effective method mentioned by Whyte (1978) is to address the needs of high-risk students through specialized counseling that focuses on developing personal and academic skills. Furthermore, according to Whyte (1977), addressing students' perceptions about their own locus of control can bolster their confidence and motivation.
Another crucial approach is integrating health and counseling services, which serves to provide a comprehensive support structure to students who might struggle with various issues, from academic stress to personal health concerns. Awareness campaigns, teacher workshops, such as the 'Integrating Positive Cultural Values into Schools' (IPCVS), further fortify this support by educating teaching professionals on the importance of integrating cultural values in school curriculums and fostering strong community relationships.
Furthermore, data representation tools such as pie graphs or bar graphs can be utilized by guidance counselors to communicate effectively about student enrollment figures, as suggested in Solution 1.11. The use of these visual aids helps to make statistical information more accessible to the educational community.
The strategies also emphasize improving the staff-to-student ratio to ensure that each student receives the attention they need, addressing long wait times for counseling appointments, and recognizing the prevalence of mental health issues among the student population as key components of effective school counseling services. Lastly, considering the hidden curriculum, schools are encouraged to uphold rituals and classroom procedures that promote societal values and expectations, thus shaping student behavior and attitudes in subtle yet profound ways.