Final answer:
Option b, 'has negative impacts on the environment,' represents what is not a benefit of globalization in production. While globalization can provide access to new resources and expertise, it can also lead to environmental harm and local economic disruption. Critics highlight these negative outcomes, especially in less developed economies where local industries can be outcompeted by multinational corporations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer to the question 'What are not the benefits of globalization in production?' is b. has negative impacts on the environment. Globalization in production can lead to exploration of new market opportunities, seeking required raw materials, access to low-cost labor, access to production inputs, and access to technical expertise. However, it does not benefit the environmental aspect, as globalization can often lead to environmental degradation due to the accelerated industrialization without sufficient regulatory oversight. For example, the lack of environmental regulations in some countries can result in companies shifting production to these locations to benefit from lower costs, which in turn can lead to pollution and other environmental harm.
Another concern with globalization is the potential negative impact on local economies and labor movements. Rapid industrialization without the protection of workers can lead to weak labor movements and exploitation. Furthermore, international trade can create economies of scale for smaller economies but it can also expose them to fierce competition, potentially harming local industries unable to compete with larger multinational corporations, eventually leading to unemployment. Countries are encouraged to adapt dynamically to changes in comparative advantage, rather than relying on traditional industries that may no longer be competitive