Final answer:
The cleavage furrow is associated with animal cell division, while the cell plate formation is correlated with plant cell division, making the answer a) Animal, Plant. Cytokinesis differs in these cells due to the presence or absence of a cell wall.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the process of cytokinesis, cleavage furrows are associated with animal cell division, and cell plate formation is associated with plant cell division.
Cytokinesis is the final stage of eukaryotic cell division, whereby the cell splits into two daughter cells. In animal cells, which lack a cell wall, this process involves the formation of a cleavage furrow. A contractile ring composed of actin filaments forms beneath the plasma membrane and contracts, creating a constricting furrow that deepens and eventually cleaves the cell in two. Conversely, plant cells, which have a rigid cell wall, use a different mechanism.
Here, Golgi vesicles coalesce at the former metaphase plate, forming a structure called a phragmoplast. They fuse together to form a cell plate, which expands outward toward the cell walls, eventually developing into a new plasma membrane and cell wall that divide the cell in two.