Final answer:
The Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review is Marbury v. Madison.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review is Marbury v. Madison. This case was argued before the Supreme Court in 1803 and the Chief Justice at the time, John Marshall, established the principle of judicial review. Judicial review is the power of the courts to overturn laws or other actions of Congress and the Executive Branch based on their constitutionality. In this case, the Court declared that a section of the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional, giving the Court the power to determine the constitutionality of laws.