Final answer:
The old imperial capital of Japan before it was renamed Tokyo was Kyoto.
Step-by-step explanation:
The old imperial capital of Japan before it was moved by the emperor and renamed was Kyoto. In 794, Emperor Kammu moved the capital from Heian-kyo (present-day Nara) to a new location, which eventually became known as Kyoto. The city remained the imperial capital of Japan until the Meiji Restoration in 1868 when Emperor Meiji moved the imperial court to Edo, renaming it Tokyo, which then became the eastern capital. This move symbolized Japan's growing power and marked the end of the Heian period and the beginning of the Edo period, where the shogunate came into full power.