Final answer:
The geographical reasons for the start of the Industrial Revolution in Europe are the abundance of natural resources, presence of navigable rivers, and favorable climate, all of which were instrumental in facilitating trade, agriculture, and industry.
Step-by-step explanation:
The geographical reasons for the start of the Industrial Revolution in Europe include (D) All of the above: the abundance of natural resources, the presence of navigable rivers, and the favorable climate.
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain due to several factors including an abundance of natural resources such as coal and iron, which were crucial for powering and building machinery. Navigable rivers and ports facilitated the transportation of goods and resources, which was further enhanced by the construction of canals. Moreover, the end of the Little Ice Age led to increased crop yields and a better climate for agriculture, which meant that there was more food to support a growing population. This population growth resulted in a surplus of labor for new factories. Furthermore, Britain's moderate climate played a role in more reliable agricultural output. Alongside geographical advantages, other factors like political stability, commercial-friendly laws, and available capital contributed to the surge in industrial activity for Great Britain, setting a precedent for the rest of Europe.