Final answer:
Paul Gauguin was the Post-Impressionist artist focused on breaking away from traditional European art, known for his experiments and a perceived primitive style, ultimately influencing his work in Tahiti.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Post-Impressionist artist who was notably preoccupied with breaking away from the established European artistic tradition is Paul Gauguin. Gauguin was particularly known for his experimentation and the desire to reach an 'essential truth' through his artwork, often using color and distorted form and perspective in his paintings.
His departure from the Impressionist community and pursuit of a more primitive style of art led him eventually to Tahiti, where he developed his distinctive approach, painting indigenous people and symbolically infused landscapes that diverged significantly from European traditions.