Final answer:
The force of gravity acting on a 1000 kg object at the Earth's surface is calculated using Newton's law of gravitation and is found to be approximately 9.8 N, corresponding with answer A) 9.8 N.
Step-by-step explanation:
The force of gravity acting on an object at the Earth's surface can be calculated using Newton's universal law of gravitation, F = Gm1m2/r2, where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between the centers of the two masses. In your case, to find the force of gravity on a 1000 kg object, you would use the mass of the Earth (5.98 x 1024 kg), the object's mass (1000 kg), and the radius of the Earth (6.38 x 106 m) as r.
Using the gravitational constant G = 6.674 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2, the force of gravity F can be calculated as:
F = (6.674 x 10-11 N·m2/kg2)(5.98 x 1024 kg)(1000 kg)/(6.38 x 106 m)2
This results in a force of gravity around 9.8 N, which closely matches the acceleration due to gravity on Earth, 9.80 m/s2. Applying this acceleration to the object's mass of 1000 kg gives: w = mg = (1000 kg)(9.80 m/s2) = 9,800 N, but since the question asks for the force on the object and not its weight, the correct answer in the multiple choices would be A) 9.8 N, considering the mass of the object as 1 kg for simplification.