Final answer:
Thomas Paine's 'Common Sense' criticized hereditary rule and advocated for American independence and a republican government.
Step-by-step explanation:
In Common Sense, Thomas Paine focused his criticism primarily on the concept of hereditary rule and the failings of the British monarchy. Paine argued that the British government had put its own interests ahead of the American colonies and had, therefore, failed in its duty to the colonists. He asserted that hereditary monarchies were not justified and that people should not maintain a king if he did not protect the interests of his subjects. Paine's writings were revolutionary, advocating for the colonies' independence from Great Britain, promoting the need for a republican form of government and emphasizing the natural rights of individuals.