Final answer:
Disaccharides and polysaccharides are formed through dehydration synthesis, where monosaccharides combine and release water to form glycoside bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about how disaccharides and polysaccharides are formed. The correct answer is C: Dehydration synthesis. Disaccharides and polysaccharides are carbohydrates that form when two or more monosaccharides link together through a dehydration reaction, also known as a condensation reaction or dehydration synthesis. This involves the combination of the hydroxyl group (-OH) of one monosaccharide with the hydrogen (H) of another, releasing a water molecule (H2O) and forming a covalent bond known as a glycoside bond. This type of reaction is crucial for the synthesis of these carbohydrates, which serve as important energy sources and structural components in living organisms.