Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is C. melancholy, as it is not one of the seven universal emotions defined by psychologist Paul Ekman within the chapter on psychology for Social Studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question regarding the seven universal emotions pertains to a concept within psychology, which falls under the Social Studies category. The seven universal emotions, as described by psychologist Paul Ekman, include happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger, surprise, and contempt. These emotions are considered universal because they are expressed in similar ways across different cultures and are recognized by people around the world.
Based on the information given in the reference, the emotion that is not one of the seven universal emotions described in the chapter is melancholy. Melancholy can be thought of as a state of sadness or a reflective sadness, but it is not categorized as one of the basic emotions by Ekman's theory. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is: