Final answer:
The correct answer to the question about recurring references in 'From Aboard the Night Train' is option C) The protagonist's favorite book, which does not appear as a recurring element in the text.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to the text 'From Aboard the Night Train' and seeks to identify which element is not a recurring reference in the work.
After reviewing the provided excerpts, it becomes evident that while there are recurring mentions of the night train itself, the ambiance created by celestial bodies such as the moon and stars, and the prevailing sense of memories, there is no mention of the protagonist's favorite book.
Thus, the correct answer is option C) The protagonist's favorite book.