Final answer:
The South Pole is tilted toward the sun during the winter solstice, which is due to Earth's axial tilt of 23.5°, causing seasonal variations. The solstice differs from the equinox, which equally favors both hemispheres, and precession, which is the long-term wobble of Earth's axis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The phenomenon in which the South Pole is tilted toward the sun is best described as C) Solstice. During the winter solstice, the South Pole is tilted toward the Sun, and it experiences continuous daylight, while the North Pole is tilted away and experiences continuous darkness. This results from Earth's axial tilt of 23.5° which also causes the seasonal variations as Earth orbits around the Sun. In contrast, the equinox occurs when both hemispheres receive approximately equal amounts of sunlight.
Precession is the slow wobble of Earth's axis, occurring over 26,000 years, which affects the timing of the seasons but not the tilt toward or away from the sun.