Final answer:
The modern state of Israel is located in what was once known as Canaan. Before 1948, it was called Palestine, populated by Palestinians of various ethnic backgrounds. Post-establishment, Israel faced opposition from surrounding Arabic countries, leading to conflicts notably in the Gaza Strip and West Bank.
Step-by-step explanation:
The modern state of Israel is located in what was once known as Canaan. This area corresponds with modern Palestine, Israel, and Lebanon, renowned for the prosperity and innovation of the Canaanite culture. The area had a history of trade and craftsmanship, with significant ancient players like the Phoenicians and Hebrews.
Before the state of Israel was established in 1948, it was called Palestine, a region inhabited by Palestinians which is characterized by diverse ethnic groups, including Arab Muslims, Samaritans, Bedouins, and Jews. The territory of current-day Israel has a complex history, involving a series of violent transitions leading up to its recognition as a nation after the partition plan, despite the opposition from the Palestinians who were the majority and owned most of the land.
It should be noted that the ancient regions of Mesopotamia, Babylonia, and Sumer do not correspond to the location of modern Israel, although they are all located in what is often referred to as the Near or Middle East. The state of Israel, with Jerusalem envisioned by the UN as an international city, found itself surrounded by Arabic countries post-declaration, leading to a series of wars and territorial disputes, particularly involving the Palestinian Territories known as the Gaza Strip and West Bank.