Final answer:
The largest number of child deaths worldwide occurs in Sub-Saharan Africa (option B). The most frequent causes of death in children under five include pneumonia, diarrhea, congenital anomalies, preterm birth complications, birth asphyxia/trauma, and malaria. Child mortality rates are significantly higher in low-income countries, particularly in the WHO African Region.
Step-by-step explanation:
The largest number of child deaths worldwide occurs in ★Sub-Saharan Africa★ (option B). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the most frequent causes of death in children under five years old include pneumonia, diarrhea, congenital anomalies, preterm birth complications, birth asphyxia/trauma, and malaria. These causes can be prevented or treated with affordable interventions such as immunization, adequate nutrition, safe water and food, and quality care by a trained health provider.
Child mortality rates are significantly higher in low-income countries compared to high-income countries. In low-income nations, the child mortality rate is 11 times higher than high-income countries. The child mortality rate in the WHO African Region is around 9 times higher than in the WHO European Region. Acute respiratory infections from indoor air pollution, diarrheal diseases from poor water and sanitation, and infectious diseases like malaria are the top killers of children under five worldwide.
The availability of doctors and nurses in low-income countries is much lower compared to high-income nations. Inadequate water and sanitation provision, as well as poor hygienic practices, contribute to the consequences of malnutrition in low-income countries. Malnutrition and environmental infections are closely linked to child mortality.