Final answer:
Several factors can stop a plant or bacteria from obtaining energy from the sun, including lack of chlorophyll, excessive UV radiation, shortage of water, and insufficient carbon dioxide. These components are crucial for photosynthesis, a process that can be affected by environmental conditions such as light availability and water levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
Content related to what might stop a living, healthy plant or bacteria from obtaining energy from the sun involves several factors that interfere with photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. A lack of chlorophyll, excessive UV radiation, or a shortage of water and carbon dioxide can all impede this process. For example, a lack of chlorophyll would prevent the plant from capturing sunlight effectively, hindering photosynthesis. Similarly, excessive exposure to UV radiation can damage the cellular structures involved in photosynthesis. Most importantly, without sufficient water, plants cannot generate NADPH during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, as water donates electrons and protons necessary for the formation of NADPH. Furthermore, a deficiency in carbon dioxide (CO2) will limit the carbon fixation process during the Calvin cycle, reducing the plant's ability to synthesize sugars.
Other considerations include the plant's location and environmental conditions. For instance, plants growing in the shade or in habitats with limited light will experience reduced photosynthetic rates. In extreme cases, such as deep aquatic environments or dense forests, the availability of sunlight is minimal, forcing plants and bacteria to develop adaptations to cope with these conditions.