Final answer:
The idea of the essential being is called Atman in Hindu traditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The idea of the essential being is called Atman.
In Hindu traditions, atman is the term associated with the self. It is often translated as the eternal self, spirit, essence, soul, or breath. The goal in Hinduism is to know the atman in order to achieve liberation from the cycle of reincarnation (moksha).
In Buddhist philosophy, the concept of an eternal soul is rejected. Instead, Buddhism emphasizes the doctrine of dependent origination, which states that events in the past, present, and future are causally linked. Buddhism does not posit a permanent or enduring self.