Final answer:
By converting the rate of Mercury's orbit around the sun from miles to kilometers using the given conversion factor and then multiplying this rate by the time in seconds, we find that Mercury travels 960 kilometers in 20 seconds.
Step-by-step explanation:
To convert the rate at which Mercury travels around the sun from miles per second to kilometers per second, use the given conversion factor: 1 mile = 1.6 kilometers.
Therefore, if Mercury travels at approximately 30 miles per second, you would multiply this value by 1.6 to find the speed in kilometers per second: 30 miles per second × 1.6 kilometers/mile
= 48 kilometers per second.
To calculate how many kilometers Mercury will travel in 20 seconds at this rate, you multiply the rate (48 km/sec) by the time (20 sec):
48 kilometers per second × 20 seconds = 960 kilometers.
Hence, Mercury will travel 960 kilometers in 20 seconds at the given rate.