Final answer:
During the Second Industrial Revolution, labor union membership was the aspect that decreased, contrary to agricultural productivity, urbanization, and technological innovation which all increased.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Second Industrial Revolution, there were several societal shifts due to technological advancements and changes in demographics. One aspect that decreased during this time was labor union membership. While there was an increase in agricultural productivity due to improved farm equipment and technology, urbanization grew as a result of industrialization, and technological innovation continued to advance, impacting various sectors including manufacturing and transportation. The Second Industrial Revolution brought about more efficient production methods, and despite the precarious nature of industrial work, it also led to mass-produced consumer goods, making them more accessible to a broader segment of the population.