Final answer:
Spanish colonists introduced horses, cows, sheep, chickens, and pigs from Europe to the Americas. This was part of the Columbian Exchange, which had a significant impact on the lifestyles and economies of indigenous peoples.
Step-by-step explanation:
Spanish colonists brought horses, cows, sheep, chickens, and pigs from Europe to the Americas. When Christopher Columbus made his second voyage, he introduced these animals to the islands of the Caribbean. This initiation of animal presence was a part of a broader process often referred to as the Columbian Exchange, which included the transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries. Horses, for instance, became an integral part of Native American culture by transforming the way tribes like the Lakota hunted bison on the Great Plains. Moreover, the introduction of livestock revolutionized agriculture and transport in the New World, greatly influencing the lifestyle and economy of the indigenous peoples.