Final answer:
The Chinese philosophical tradition that encouraged 'nonaction' is Daoism, which contrasts with Confucianism's emphasis on moral virtue and Legalism's strict laws. Daoism promotes harmony with the natural way, simplifying life and reducing desires, influencing the societal belief in minimal intervention.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Chinese Philosophical Traditions
The Chinese tradition from the Hundred Schools of Thought that encouraged "nonaction" as an important political concept was Daoism. This philosophy suggests that the best way to live is in harmony with the natural order of things, and that human intervention often leads to unrest and disorder. In contrast, Confucianism stresses the importance of moral leadership and virtues in rulers, which resonates well with the governance and administrative needs of Chinese rulers at the time. Although Buddhism and Hinduism have influenced, to some extent, thoughts on governance due to their stress on moral life and detachment from desires, it was Daoism's promotion of simplicity and the natural way that proved influential for maintaining harmony in society.
Comparing this to other schools such as Legalism and Mohism, which offered alternative solutions to societal unrest, Daoism's unique approach was more centered on individual and societal alignment with nature rather than human-constructed laws or moral norms. Therefore, the teaching of Daoism found favor among those who sought a return to a simpler, more natural way of life, often in opposition to the rigid structure and moral norms of Confucianism and the strict laws of Legalism. Daoism's embracement of "nonaction" aligned with the belief in letting things take their natural course without unnecessary intervention.