Final answer:
The table describes the digestive system, which handles the breakdown, absorption of nutrients, and waste elimination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The human system that the table describes is the digestive system. This system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients, absorbing these nutrients into the bloodstream, and expelling solid wastes from the body. Additionally, the digestive system includes a range of organs and enzymes, and it is closely linked with other systems such as the lymphatic system and the circulatory system, as indicated in the provided reference material. The key functions of the digestive system involve digestion, absorption, and waste elimination, which are vital for maintaining the body's homeostasis and overall health.