Question

The need for more police officers, water pollution, and overcrowding in European and American cities directly resulted from which of the following:

A) Pasteurization
B) Cholera
C) Public Health Acts
D) Urbanization

Answer 1

D) Urbanization

Step-by-step explanation:

Urbanization represented by option D is the process of population concentration into cities and the corresponding growth of urban areas. It directly resulted in the need for more police officers due to increased population density and associated challenges with law enforcement. Water pollution became a significant issue as urbanization led to industrialization and increased waste discharge into water sources. Overcrowding in European and American cities can be attributed to the migration of people from rural areas to urban centers in search of employment opportunities and better living conditions. The other options (A, B, and C) are not as directly linked to these societal challenges arising from urbanization.

Answer 2

The issues of requiring more police officers, water pollution, and overcrowding in cities were a result of Urbanization, which led to poor living conditions and increased disease spread, prompting legislative and infrastructural responses to improve public health.

Step-by-step explanation:

The need for more police officers, water pollution, and overcrowding in European and American cities can be directly attributed to Urbanization. The rapid growth of cities brought with it numerous challenges such as poor sanitation, which led to open sewers and the spread of diseases like cholera and tuberculosis. Living conditions in urban areas were often deplorable, characterized by crowded housing and inadequate infrastructure. Governments and reformers tried to combat these issues by implementing various public health acts and improvements to municipal planning, such as the development of modern sewer systems and the enactment of legislation to limit pollution and promote public health.